Secondary bacterial infection of the lung (pneumonia) was extremely common in patients with COVID-19, affecting almost half the patients who required support from mechanical ventilation. By applying machine learning to medical record data, scientists at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine found that secondary bacterial pneumonia that does not resolve was a key driver of death in patients with COVID-19. It may even exceed death rates from the viral infection itself.
The scientists also found evidence that COVID-19 does not cause a "cytokine storm," so often believed to cause death.
The study was recently published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation."Our study highlights the importance of preventing, looking for and aggressively treating secondary bacterial pneumonia in critically ill patients with severe pneumonia, including those with COVID-19," said senior author Dr. Benjamin Singer, an associate professor of medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and a Northwestern Medicine pulmonary and critical care physician.
The investigators found nearly half of patients with COVID-19 develop a secondary ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia.
"Those who were cured of their secondary pneumonia were likely to live, while those whose pneumonia did not resolve were more likely to die," Singer said. "Our data suggested that the mortality related to the virus itself is relatively low, but other things that happen during the ICU stay, like secondary bacterial pneumonia, offset that."
The scientists also found evidence that COVID-19 does not cause a "cytokine storm," so often believed to cause death.
The study was recently published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation."Our study highlights the importance of preventing, looking for and aggressively treating secondary bacterial pneumonia in critically ill patients with severe pneumonia, including those with COVID-19," said senior author Dr. Benjamin Singer, an associate professor of medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and a Northwestern Medicine pulmonary and critical care physician.
The investigators found nearly half of patients with COVID-19 develop a secondary ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia.
"Those who were cured of their secondary pneumonia were likely to live, while those whose pneumonia did not resolve were more likely to die," Singer said. "Our data suggested that the mortality related to the virus itself is relatively low, but other things that happen during the ICU stay, like secondary bacterial pneumonia, offset that."
As we learned first-hand, the treatment for a "cytokine storm" is steroids. I still marvel that Nova's "hospitalist" in ICU didn't manage to kill him, treating a problem he didn't have, while failing to treat the one he did have (massive pleural bacterial infection). Even though it only bought us a few months, due to his many other medical problems, at least his alert nephrologist made sure he didn't die alone in ICU. Of course the prednisone caused complications and made his recovery more difficult once they got him on the right treatment, but he did survive the hospitalization. What pissed me off was that they looked no further once he tested positive for COVID; valuable treatment days were lost to treating a positive test for something that wasn't actually making him sick.

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